The Design Cycle
The design cycle used in the project weeks
Following a design cycle is the process that most engineers use when developing a product or solution to meet a user need. There are many versions of the design cycle published in various places, but they all more or less follow the same pattern. The one we are using is presented below, with each of its steps described. It is called a "cycle" because, although it progresses from step to step, there are points where you may need to return to a previous step. These iterations are indicated by the arrows in the design cycle diagram shown below.
Form a Team
Engineering design is usually done in teams. The first step is to assemble the team and agree how you will work together. This includes clarifying roles, setting expectations, and establishing how decisions will be made. A clear team agreement helps prevent misunderstandings and supports effective collaboration throughout the project.
Understand the Context
Before defining the problem, it's important to investigate the setting in which it occurs. This involves identifying who the users are, what their needs and constraints might be, and any relevant environmental, social, legal, or cultural factors. Understanding the context will inform future design decisions and help ensure the final deliverable is suitable for the intended users.
Define the Problem
This step transforms a broad or loosely stated issue into a precise design brief. The goal is to pinpoint the exact requirements and targets that the solution must meet. By clearly defining these criteria, you ensure that the final product aligns with user needs and project goals.
Generate some Ideas
This phase focuses on brainstorming a wide range of creative solutions that align with the design brief. The aim is to think expansively, exploring all possible options without judgment. There are no wrong answers at this stage — it is about capturing the full spectrum of potential solutions to address the problem.
Select Final Design
In this step, you systematically evaluate all the brainstormed solutions to identify the most suitable one. The goal is to determine which idea best meets the design criteria, even if it's not perfect, or to combine elements from multiple ideas into one optimal solution. This careful selection process ensures you have a clear direction for the next phases of the project.
Specify the Details
At this stage, you refine the conceptual solution into a concrete engineering design. This involves defining the precise specifications — for example, dimensions, materials, weight, and other technical details. The goal is to translate the broad idea into a detailed, actionable plan that outlines exactly how the product will function and be built.
Plan the Project
This step determines the logistics needed to turn the detailed engineering design into a market-ready product. For example, it involves identifying supply chains, estimating costs, assigning responsibilities, managing risks, and planning timelines. The goal is to ensure a clear roadmap for production and implementation.
Evaluate the Concept
This step involves a thorough analysis of the entire design and project plan to determine how well it will function in the real world. For example, it may involve assessing the design's diversity, inclusivity, equity, ethical considerations, and sustainability. It is a post-reflection stage that provides a critical viewpoint on the work done so far, ensuring the concept meets broader goals and values.
Communicate the Solution
To bring your design to life, it is crucial to convince stakeholders of its merits. This involves effectively communicating the benefits, as well as being transparent about any potential drawbacks or risks. Clear and honest communication ensures that everyone involved understands the value and feasibility of the project, paving the way for successful implementation.